Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Apricot (Mimusopsis comersonii) Phenolic-Rich Extract and Its Application as an Edible Coating for Fresh-Cut Vegetable Preservation.

Edible coatings have several advantages in preserving foods, such as avoiding water loss, controlling microbial growth, and reducing the need for preservatives added directly to the product. Antimicrobial action can be obtained by adding antimicrobial substances including phenolic compounds commonly found in plant extracts. This study evaluated the phenolic compounds content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of pulp, and seed extracts of Mimusopsis comersonii (popularly known in Brazil as abrico), besides the phenolic compounds were identified and quantified in the pulp extract. Edible coatings were incorporated with pulp extract in order to evaluate the preservation of minimally processed apples and baroa potatoes against foodborne bacteria, and enzymatic browning was also determined. Myricetin-3-glucoside, quercetin-3-glucoside, and kaempferol-3-glucoside were identified as major flavonoids in the apricot pulp extract. The seed and pulp extracts inhibited all tested microorganisms, especially Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Typhimurium. Edible coatings added with 9% of phenolic extract showed in vitro antimicrobial activity, in addition to being effective in preventing enzymatic browning in minimally processed apples and baroa potatoes for up to 15 days of storage. They were also effective in reducing up to 2 log CFU/g of aerobic mesophiles after 15 days of storage for apples, even though no microbial inhibition in baroa potatoes was observed under the same conditions. The addition of pulp phenolic extract in edible coatings proved to be an alternative in the preservation of apples and in the antibrowning activity of minimally processed baroa potatoes.

Determination of the bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and chemical composition of Brazilian blackberry, red raspberry, strawberry, blueberry and sweet cherry fruits.

This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, identify the bioactive compounds and measure the antioxidant activity present in blackberry, red raspberry, strawberry, sweet cherry and blueberry fruits produced in the subtropical areas of Brazil and to verify that the chemical properties of these fruit are similar when compared to the temperate production zones. Compared with berries and cherries grown in temperate climates, the centesimal composition and physical chemical characteristics found in the Brazilian berries and cherries are in agreement with data from the literature. For the mineral composition, the analyzed fruits presented lower concentrations of P, K, Ca, Mg and Zn and higher levels of Fe. The values found for the bioactive compounds generally fit the ranges reported in the literature with minor differences. The greatest difference was found in relation to ascorbic acid, as all fruits analyzed showed levels well above those found in the literature.

Evaluation of the jelly processing potential of raspberries adapted in Brazil.

UNLABELLED: Generally raspberry products as jams, jellies, and preserves are made with red raspberry, however, yellow raspberry and especially black raspberry are also fruits adapted in Brazil, presenting even better productivity and quality. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the processing potential of other varieties of raspberry, but the red, in the preparation of jellies through mixture design and response surface methodology (RSM). These techniques were used to optimize the following 3 variables: yellow (Golden Bliss cultivar, Rubus idaeus), black (Rubus niveus), and red raspberries (Batum cultivar, Rubus idaeus) to formulate a mixed raspberry fruit jelly through sensory evaluations. It was found that jelly formulated with a mix of colored raspberries grown in subtropical regions is a viable and alternative way to use yellow and black raspberries. The mixed raspberry jelly must have 0% to 30% yellow raspberries, 25% to 50% black raspberries, and 30% to 75% red raspberries. Within this region, the optimum formulation has ideal characteristics that are often not observed in formulations with 100% black or yellow raspberries. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The black and yellow raspberries are little explored in fresh consumption and in the development of products such as jams and jellies. From these work, using mixture design and response surface methodology, has been verified that the production of a mixed raspberry jelly seems feasible and is an interesting alternative to use the yellow and black raspberries. The results serve as a guide to the production of jams and jellies from these types of raspberries.

Effect of different ingredients contents on physical, physicochemical and sensory properties of the creamy banana marmalade cv. ‘nanica’(Musa cavendishii)

Banana is a highly perishable fruit, with a shelf life of 7 to 10 days, and the fruits being in excess or those in non conformity to be consumed are used to produce marmalade; and it is an interesting economic alternative. This study evaluated the effect of different ingredients on the physical, physicochemical and sensory properties of creamy banana marmalade. An incomplete factorial design (24-1) with two levels of four factors (pulp/sugarratio, pectin concentration, added amount of acid and sorbate concentration). The sensorial acceptance of marmalades was evaluated using a 9-point hedonic scale, and the purchase intention by employing a 5-pointscale. The analyzed variables mostly affecting the parameters were the pulp/sugar ratio, the added amount of acid and the sorbate concentration, due to their reaction with the marmalade components. The formulation 2 was preferred by consumers because of the firmest texture and the intensified yellow color.

Redução da cristalização em doce de leite com a utilização da enzima ß Galactosidase / Reduction of crystallization in dulce de leche with the use of the enzyme beta Galactosidase

O mercado de produtos com baixo teor de lactose ainda é pouco explorado no Brasil, porém muitas pessoas sofrem de intolerância à lactose e muitos produtos lácteos cristalizam-se com maior facilidade devido à baixa solubilidade desse dissacarídeo. A hidrólise da lactose é um processo promissor para a indústria de alimentos porque possibilita o desenvolvimento de novos produtos sem lactose em suas composições. Esta operação oferece certas vantagens uma vez que ela diminui os riscos de cristalização em derivados lácteos e aumenta o poder adoçante. O objetivo deste trabalho foi fazer uma revisão de como utilizar a enzima ß – galactosidase no processo de redução do teor de lactose do leite a ser utilizado para a produção de doce de leite, aumentando o seu tempo de armazenamento, através da redução da arenosidade causada pela cristalização da lactose no processo de concentração.

Influência da temperatura sobre as alterações físicas, físico-químicas e químicas de geleia da casca de banana (Musa spp.) Cv. Prata durante o armazenamento / Effects of temperature on the physical, physicochemical, chemical and microbiological alterations during of the storage of jelly made from Cv Prata banana (Musa spp. )peel

A elaboração de geleias por meio do processamento de cascas de frutas é uma alternativa para obter redução e agregação de valor aos resíduos das indústrias de alimentos; além disso, obtém-se um produto agradável sensorialmente e com vida prolongada. Sendo o Brasil um país que apresenta temperaturas bem variadas, o objetivo deste trabalho foi de avaliar o efeito da temperatura sobre as alterações físico-químicas, físicas e químicas durante o armazenamento de geleias de extrato da casca de banana. As diferentes temperaturas interferiram significativamente na estabilidade em relação aos açúcares redutores, à atividade de água e à luminosidade. A interação tempo x temperatura interferiu nos parâmetros de pH, sólidos solúveis, adesividade, firmeza, coesividade e cor *b (amarela) da geleia da casca de banana-prata até o final dos 165 dias de armazenamento. O tempo foi o fator que mais influenciou na qualidade da geleia, ocorrendo-se diminuição da atividade de água, umidade, açúcares não redutores, luminosidade, valor absoluto da adesividade e firmeza e aumento de acidez.

Viabilidade da utilização de queijo tipo ricota na elaboração de pão de queijo / Viability of using ricotta in preparation of cheese bread

O pão de queijo é um produto genuinamente brasileiro, surgido em época indefinida nas fazendas de Minas Gerais, tendo como matéria-prima básica o polvilho azedo ou doce. Atualmente vem se destacando pelo consumo e pela produção nacional, chegando aos dias atuais até mesmo ao mercado internacional. Apesar de sua aceitação, o pão de queijo ainda não possui um padrão de qualidade e tecnologia de produção definidos devido à grande variedade de ingredientes opcionais. Diversas formulações são comercializadas e identificadas como "pão de queijo". O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a viabilidade da utilização de queijo tipo ricota na elaboração de pão de queijo. Foram realizadas análises físicas de densidade, espessura da crosta, coeficiente de expansão, cor, textura e análise sensorial. As porcentagens de queijo utilizadas nas formulações foi 30 por cento para o queijo meia cura e 30, 40 e 50 por cento para o queijo tipo ricota, em relação à porcentagem de polvilho azedo. Em relação aos parâmetros analisados, conclui-se que o aumento da porcentagem de queijo tipo ricota na elaboração de pão de queijo tem como consequência um produto mais macio, com menor gomosidade, fracturabilidade, mastigabilidade e com uma espessura da crosta menor, não diferindo sensorialmente de pães de queijo elaborados com queijo minas meia cura. Conclui-se também que é viável produzir pão de queijo com a substituição total do queijo minas meia cura pelo queijo tipo ricota.

The cheese bread is a genuinely Brazilian product, which appeared in undefined time in the farms of Minas Gerais, with the basic raw material, cassava starch or sour cassava starch. Today has been highlighted by consumption and domestic production, up to today, even to the international market. Despite its acceptance, the cheese bread does not have a standard of quality and production technology defined by the great variety of optional ingredients. Several formulations are marketed and labeled as "cheese bread". The aim of this study was to analyze the feasibility of using ricotta cheese in the preparation of cheese. Physical analyzes density, crustal thickness, coefficient of expansion, color, texture and sensory. The percentages of cheese used in the formulations was 30 percent for half the cheese curing and 30 percent, 40 percent and 50 percent for the ricotta cheese, in relation to the percentage of cassava starch. The parameters analyzed it is concluded that increasing the percentage of ricotta cheese in the preparation of cheese bread has resulted in a softer, less gumminess, fracture, and chewiness of the crust with a thickness less, no difference in sensory cheese bread made with cheese half cure. It also follows that it is feasible to produce cheese bread with total replacement of the cheese half cure for ricotta cheese.